Skip to main content

PMS 530-1

PMS 530-1

PMS 530-1

NWCG Standards for Aviation Risk Management, PMS 530

NWCG Aviation Risk Management Workbook, PMS 530-1

How to Use Workbook

IMPORTANT: How To Use Workbook

Submit Revision / Recommendation

Fixed Wing Risk Assessments

Helicopter Risk Assessments

Unmanned Aircraft Systems Risk Assessments

Other Risk Assessments

 

Operations

Single Engine Airtanker (SEAT)

Aircraft | Contracts | Facilities | Maintenance | Operations | Personnel Contractors | Personnel Government

[view:pms_530_1_navigation=fw_seat]

SYSTEM:  SEAT, Operations

Sub-System Hazards Pre-Mitigation Mitigation Post-Mitigation

Probability

Severity

Risk Level

Probability

Severity

Risk Level
Missions Inefficient use of SEATs may result in unnecessary risk exposure to SEAT pilot and ground personnel. (risk vs. gain)

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 SEAT pilot, fire managers, dispatchers, line personnel, and aerial supervisors need proper education/training on use of SEATs. Use AAR as mitigation tool to prevent re-occurrence. Conduct pre- and post-mission briefings. Review How to Refuse Risk protocols.

Possible

Moderate

Medium
Flying low level at operational weights and airspeeds in areas with hazards

Almost Certain

Catastrophic

Extremely High

 Perform high-level reconnaissance prior to descending to work in the low-level environment. Utilize aerial supervision/leadplanes when available. Utilize proper aircraft energy management techniques. Receive thorough in-briefing on area hazards.

Unlikely

Catastrophic

High
Inexperienced personnel-government and contractors

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Agency and contractors need to evaluate required training to determine if personnel are staying current with program needs. Provide training at beginning of season and exercises/simulations throughout season. During operations ensure there are adequately trained and experienced personnel to mentor trainees.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
A sense of urgency may be placed on contractor personnel at various points in the mission

Possible

Critical

High

 Address the safety vs. urgency issue as a special-emphasis item during in-briefing with contractor and agency employees. Reinforce this throughout the entire operational period. Utilize Go/No-Go checklists. Recognize pilot is final decision maker for whether flight occurs.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Drop height minimums

Almost Certain

Catastrophic

Extremely High

 Maintain 60-ft. obstacle clearance as the minimum descent altitude for all fire operations except during takeoff and landing.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Poor fuel management

Unlikely

Catastrophic

High

 Monitor fuel quantities. Monitor fuel flow vs time. Follow fuel transfer procedures. Allow enough time for pre-flight and flight planning. Know refueling locations. Query other pilots on fuel status and availability for planned route.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Single pilot cockpit workload

Possible

Catastrophic

High

 Maintain sterile cockpit policy, minimize in-flight diversions and frequency changes. Utilize aerial supervision to decrease pilot workload.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Wake turbulence

Possible

Critical

High

 Exercise caution when in congested airspace or trailing other aircraft. Allow enough space between larger airtankers in front of SEATs during operations, especially during drops.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Lack of standardized dispatch form

Likely

Critical

Extremely High

 Ensure that SEMGs verify all dispatch information. Refer to the SABO for required minimum dispatch information. Implement utilization of national standard aircraft dispatch form.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Ramp/taxi operations and communications

Almost Certain

Critical

High

 Establish local ramp/taxi protocols in cooperation with local airport operations prior to utilization. Ensure adequate ingress and egress to the ramp. Ensure thorough in-briefing and monitor assigned ramp frequency. Utilize FWPT/RAMP when loading multiple aircraft.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Environment Conflicting airspace environment

Possible

Critical

High

 Local agency must provide orientation and situational awareness overview to SEAT pilots on Special Use Airspace, MTRs, TFRs etc. Utilize updated electronic equipment if possible [e.g., Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast in (ADS-B in)]. Assure that dispatch and aviation program personnel are trained in procedures for SUA and on local Airspace Boundary Plan. Use aerial supervision when available. Practice see and avoid.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Hazardous and extreme weather conditions

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Confirm updated weather information resources are available. Utilize updated electronic equipment if possible. Confirm that red-flag warnings are communicated. Ensure updates on changing weather conditions are shared between pilots, airbase mangers, dispatchers, etc. Delay flight or cancel if necessary. Go/No-Go is PIC decision. Ensure base operating plan identifies trigger points for extreme weather conditions. 

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Hazards and extreme terrain

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Get an adequate mission briefing and use performance planning to prevent CFIT events. Perform high level reconnaissance prior to descending to the low-level environment. Use aerial supervision when available. Utilize electronic map technology if possible.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Congested areas and urban interface

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Comply with congested area policies and ensure that aerial supervision is in place or has been requested.

Possible

Critical

High
Retardant Loading Pilot fatigue during hot loading operations (less time out of cockpit)

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Ensure pilot has adequate hydration and food to sustain operations.  Pilot should get out of aircraft during fueling operations (no hot fueling), at fuel cycle in between hot loading operations.  Open window when loading for fresh air.

Possible

Critical

High
Overfilling and mixing errors

Possible

Critical

High

 Utilize a mass flow meter when loading if possible. Vendor and agency personnel will review and follow mixing and loading procedures, including use of hand signals, listed in base operating plan. Pilot and base manager will be notified immediately if aircraft is overfilled.

Unlikely

Moderate

Medium
Communications Lack of available frequencies

Almost Certain

Critical

Extremely High

 Manage available frequencies as best as possible. Request additional frequencies as needed and release frequencies in a timely manner when no longer needed. Do not change frequencies in the middle of a shift without allowing adequate time for SEAT pilots to re-program radios. Train all users in radio discipline. Utilize AFF when possible.

Possible

Critical

High
Inadequate clarification of chain of command (who is in charge)

Possible

Critical

High

 Validate tactical (A/G and A/A) contacts identified on the aircraft dispatch form. Ensure the pilot has a copy and validate frequencies during pre-mission planning.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Performance Planning Lack of planning - incorrect calculation of allowable retardant load; weight and balance

Possible

Critical

High

 Pilots need to ensure that proper weight and balance and performance planning is completed and shared with base personnel. Utilize appropriate aircraft performance charts for the area of operations. Base personnel should be aware of trigger points for downloading retardant, water, etc. PIC will inform ground personnel on need for downloads.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium
Lack of information on incident conditions

Possible

Critical

High

 Brief utilizing the IAP for the daily objectives/assignments, frequencies, assigned aircraft, predicted fire behavior and weather. Utilize national standard aircraft dispatch form. Obtain as much information as possible from dispatch, other aerial and ground resources. Obtain information from pilot after initial load on necessary mitigation. Use aerial supervision when available. PIC has final authority on Go/No-Go. Monitor AFF.

Unlikely

Critical

Medium

 

Download the Word version (docx) of this information and the Risk Assessment Matrix (pdf) to use with the Risk Assessment Worksheet (docx).

 

 

Modified / Reviewed:

Print PDF

NWCG Latest Announcements

NWCG Equipment Technology Committee Releases New Equipment Bulletins

Date: September 27, 2024
Contact: Equipment Technology Committee

The Equipment Technology Committee (ETC) has released three new Equipment Bulletins:

  • ETC-EB-24-003 Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) in fuel containers.
  • ETC-EB-24-004 Two-compartment fuel and oil container (Dolmar) unavailable in the United States (US) and reminders for upkeeping current inventories.
  • ETC-EB-24-005 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Inspection, Care, and Maintenance.

These bulletins remind field going personnel of important issues related to equipment for wildland firefighting efforts.

References:

NWCG Alerts

ETC-EB-24-003 Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) in fuel containers

ETC-EB-24-004 Two-compartment fuel and oil container (Dolmar) unavailable in the United States (US) and reminders for upkeeping current inventories

ETC-EB-24-005 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Inspection, Care, and Maintenance

The Experiential Learning Subcommittee is looking for your feedback on Staff Rides

Date: September 20, 2024
Contact: Ashleigh D'Antonio and George Risko, Leadership Committee

The Experiential Learning Subcommittee needs to hear from the field about where the greatest need lies regarding staff rides and their accessibility.

  • Do you have an event you would like to turn into a learning experience?
  • Do you have a staff ride built, but are struggling to implement the delivery?
  • Do you need help building capacity?
  • What other ideas do you have to support experiential leadership training?

Fill out this short survey below to help us help you.

References:

Staff Rides: Feedback

Staff Rides

Updated NWCG Single Resource Casual Hire Information, PMS 934

Date: September 19, 2024
Contact: Incident Business Committee

The Incident Business Committee has updated the NWCG Single Resource Casual Hire Information, PMS 934. This update expands the provisions for hiring emergency personnel.

References:

NWCG Single Resource Casual Hire Information, PMS 934

IBC Memorandum 24-03

NWCG 2024 Spring/Summer Highlights

Date: September 13, 2024

Image
Forest Service Logo
Image
Bureau of Indian Affairs Logo
Image
Bureau of Land Management Logo
Image
National Park Service Logo
Image
Fish & Wildlife Service Logo
Image
State Foresters Logo
Image
U.S. Fire Administration
Image
Intertribal Timber Council Logo
Image
International Association of Fire Chiefs
Image
Department of Defense Logo

Welcome to our latest highlights from the National Wildfire Coordinating Group, where we explore the latest updates, insights, and efforts that develop interoperable wildland fire operations among federal, state, local, Tribal, and territorial partners.

The Performance Support Package, which for ABRO includes the Incident Position Standards and Next Generation Position Task Book were developed through the Incident Performance and Training Modernization (IPTM) effort. The Performance Support Package will support trainees, those qualified in the position, and evaluators.
 

Image
NASA Logo

NASA JOINS NWCG!

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is officially an associate member of NWCG. As such, NASA is beginning to collaborate with wildland fire management agencies with the goal of increasing collaboration across agencies and leveraging NASA data, technology, and innovation for nation-wide efforts in wildland fire management. NASA has a rich history of research, development, and technology transfer in the areas of Earth science, space technologies, and aeronautics that support the NWCG mission.

Image
NWCG new website look.

WWW.NWCG.GOV HAS A NEW LOOK AND DESIGN

The NWCG web team dedicated the past two years to making a significant upgrade to the www.nwcg.gov site. This upgrade involved a comprehensive redesign of over 7,700 web pages.

The modernization of NWCG’s website involved migrating to Drupal 10, a cutting—edge content management system, and leveraging Amazon Web Service GovCloud for secure and efficient hosting. These upgrades help ensure that the NWCG website remains current in content management practices, offering enhanced customization, improved performance, and an overall superior user experience.

NWCG Leadership Committee

Image
WFLDP Professional Reading Program logo
Image
WFLDP PRP book covers

The Wildland Fire Leadership Development Program announced the Professional Reading Program’s 2024 list!

The years books include:

  • Young Men and Fire by Norman Maclean
  • The Wisdom of the Bullfrog by William H. McRaven
  • The Art of Clear Thinking by Hasard Lee
  • Emotional Agility by Susan David
  • Writing to Persuade by Trish Hall

Learn more at the NWCG Leadership Committee

INCIDENT PERFORMANCE AND TRAINING MODERNIZATION

In 2023, NWCG kicked off the Incident Performance and Training Modernization (IPTM) effort. A training system overhaul focused on developing a performance-based training system designed to shift training to on-the-job when appropriate.

Over the next five years, NWCG intends to analyze all positions within the NWCG Standards for Wildland Fire Position Qualifications, PMS 310-1. To date we are currently working on 30 incident positions, and planning for 20+ in calendar year 2025.

Subject Matter Experts from a variety of geographical areas and agencies recently completed the position analysis for 16 positions. From this analysis, Incident Positions Standards and a Next Generation Position Task Book will be developed for each position.

Image
Incident Performance and Training Modernization

NEXT GENERATION POSITION TASK BOOK

In April 2024, NWCG launched the new Next Generation Position Task Book (Next Gen PTB) which is a key component of the IPTM effort. This revised evaluation tool is designed to work in conjunction with the newly developed Incident Position Standards.

Major Next Gen PTB changes:

  • Structured to improve constructive conversations between evaluators and trainees.
  • Reference new Incident Position Standards.
  • Include only tasks required to be evaluated for successful performance.
  • Trainees will be rated on their performance vs. initialing whether a task was completed.
  • Must include written feedback when trainee does not meet the standard.
  • Will be position specific (no combined PTBs).
Image
Screen shot of the Next Gen Position Task Book
Image
Banner image of the Wildland Fire Learning Portal website

NWCG’s training course catalog is now available on the Wildland Fire Learning Portal (WFLP).

To access the training course catalog, visit WFLP and either set up an account or login as a guest.